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Barnyard millet is predominantly cultivated in India, China, Japan, and Korea for food as well as fodder. Japanese and Indian species of this millet are vigorous and have a wide adaptation in terms of soil and moisture requirements. They grow well in different seasons and at higher elevations, but require three to four months for maturation. It is cultivated on marginal lands where rice and other crops will not grow well. Barnyard millet is an erect plant 60-130 cm tall and spikelets are brownish to purple. It is grown for both grain and fodder in India especially in the hilly tracts of Uttarkhand, Eastern Asia and parts of Africa, and in the Eastern USA it has been a valuable forage crop. A relative, Australian millet (Echinocloa decompositum), is used by the aborigines of that continent as a cereal grain.

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Little millet was domesticated in the Eastern Ghats of India occupying a major portion of diet amongst the tribal people and spread to Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Myanmar. Little millet appears related to proso but is generally shorter, has smaller panicles and seeds, and is grown on a limited scale voluntarily or with minimum care on poor lands. Little millet matures quickly and withstands both drought and water logging. Less genetic diversity occurs in the world collections of this species than appears among the other species and the grains are similar to that of rice. Perhaps very little of this species is grown outside of India

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Foxtail millet is the third largest crop among the millets, cultivated for food in semi-arid tropics of Asia and as forage in Europe, North America, Australia, and North Africa. Foxtail or Italian millet may well have unrealized potential for grain production. It forms a slender, erect, leafy stem varying in height from 1-5 feet. Seeds are borne in a spike-like, compressed panicle resembling yellow foxtail, green foxtail, or giant foxtail. The grains are very similar to paddy rice in grain structure. They contain an outer husk, which needs to be removed in order to be used. The Chinese claim exceptionally high yields sometimes exceeding 11,000 kg per ha. It is drought - resistant, grows at higher elevations (up to 600 feet) and is frequently sown as an alternate crop with sorghum on black cotton soils when rainfall is deficient. It also grows well on loamy or alluvial and clayey soils. China grows most of the world’s crop, but some Italian millet is grown in India, Japan, and Russia. In the USA. it is largely sown for fodder.

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